Neonatology

Neonatal Hematology/Oncology

Neonatal oncology is a sub specialty of pediatrics oncology that deals with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer in babies. Newborn cancer is rare and comprises a heterogeneous group of neoplasms with substantial histological diversity. Almost all types of pediatrics cancer can occur in fetuses andneonates. The causes of neonatal cancer are unclear, but genetic factors probably have a key role. Teratoma and neuroblastoma are the most common histological types of neonatal cancer, with soft-tissue sarcoma, leukemia, renal tumors, and brain tumors also among the more frequent types. Neonatal cancer raises diagnostic, therapeutic, and ethical issues, and management requires a multidisciplinary approach. Medical professionals who practice oncology are called Cancer specialists or oncologists.

Neonatal Hematology is the study of blood and blood-forming organs, as well as their diseases in born babies. Surgeons frequently encounter hematologic issues with respect to wound healing, inflammation and hemostasis. Because of the complexity and broad scope of hematology, this review is limited to an overview of hematopoiesis and hemostasis in the neonates. Diseases of blood cells including disorders of white cells, red cells, and platelets. A medical practitioner who specializes in this field of pediatric hematology is calledNeonatal/pediatric hematologist. It is important that one should be familiar with the educational and preventive measures in order to prevent children being affected with blood disorders.